ICHAPPS

OPTICAL ROTATION: Substances that may show optical rotatory power are chiral. Those that rotate light in a clockwise direction as viewed towards the light source are dextrorotatory, or (+) optical isomers. Those that rotate light in the opposite direction are called levorotatory or (–) optical isomers. SPECIFIC ROTATION : The specific rotation of a chemical compound [α] is defined as the observed angle of optical rotation α, when plane-polarized light is passed through a sample with a path length of 1 decimeter and a sample concentration of 1 gram per 1 deciliter. The specific rotation of a pure material is an intrinsic property of that material at a given wavelength and temperature. General Testing Procedure , OPTICAL , ROTATION

The ash content of a drug is the inorganic residue remaining after incineration, which is converted to the sulphated form. The substance is ignited with concentrated sulphuric acid which decomposes and oxidises organic matter, leaving a residue of inorganic sulphates.   RESIDUE , IGNITION , General Testing Procedure , sulphated

gnite the silica, platinum, porcelain or quartz crucible at 600°C ± 50°C for about 30 minutes. Allow to cool in a desiccator for about 30mins (Silica gel or other suitable desiccants) and weight (W1 g). Transfer accurately about 1 to 2 g of the sample or the amount specified in the individual Standard testing procedure into the crucible. Take the weight accurately (W2 g). (3) Moisten the substance with a small amount (usually 1mL) of sulphuric acid and heat  gently at low temperature as practical until the sample is thoroughly charred.  Cool and moisten the residue with a small amount (usually 1mL) of sulphuric acid. (4)Heat gently until white fumes no longer are evolved, and ignite at 600 ± 50 °C, in a muffle furnace unless temperature is specified in the individual monograph, until the carbon is consumed. Ensure that the flames are not produced at any time during the analysis. General Testing Procedure , SULPHATED ASH , carbon, platinum

Total combined molds and yeasts count is one type of fungal purity testing, which is used to count the number of colony forming unit present in an article complying with monograph standards. Sodium hydroxide 1N: Dissolve 4.0 g of sodium hydroxide in water to make 100 mL. Hydrochloric Acid 1N: Dissolve 8.5 ml of Hydrochloric Acid in water to make 100 mL. General Testing Procedure , COMBINED MOLDS, YEASTS COUNT

Escherichia coli are one of many species of bacteria living in the lower intestines of mammals, known as gut flora. When located in the large intestine, it assists with waste processing, vitamin K production, and food absorption. It was discovered in 1885 by Theodor Escherich, a German pediatrician and bacteriologist.   H owever, the bacteria are not confined to this environment, and specimens have also been located, for example, on the edge of hot springs. The E . coli strain O157:H 7 is one of hundreds of strains of the bacterium that causes illness in humans. General Testing Procedure 

Salmonella is a Gram-negative, motile bacterium. It was named after Daniel Elmer Salmon, an American veterinary pathologist, although it was his partner and contemporary Theobald Smith (better known for his work on anaphylaxis)who first discovered the bacterium in 1885 from pigs. Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria that auses typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and food borne illness. Salmonella species are motile and produce hydrogen sulfide. SALMONELLA , General Testing Procedure

To provide a procedure to operate and maintain the Shimadzu make Class VP series Gradient HPLC system. This procedure is applicable for the GRADIENT HPLC, Shimadzu -Class VP series used in the Quality Control department. RESPONSIBILITY : It is the responsibility of all the personnel involved in the analysis using of the  Operation , Calibration, Shimadzu, GRADIENT